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Theology, Theology

Early Christian theology evolved in Greek, the language of the Christian Bible. The composite word , theologia, can be literally translated as "talk about God or the divine" or "about the Word of God", but the meaning of the word shifted as it was used (first in Greek and then in Latin) in European Christian thought in the Patristic period, the Middle Ages and Enlightenment, and then taken up more widely.

See Gavin DCosta, Theology in the Public Square: Church, Academy and Nation (Oxford: Blackwell, 2005), ch.1.

This meant that the other subjects (including Philosophy) existed primarily to help with theological thought. Thomas Albert Howard, Protestant Theology and the Making of the Modern German University (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006), p.56: ' [3] hilosophy, the scientia scientarum in one sense, was, in another, portrayed as the humble "handmaid of theology".' Christian theologys preeminent place in the university began to be challenged during the European Enlightenment, especially in Germany. See Thomas Albert Howard, Protestant Theology and the Making of the Modern German University (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006): other subjects gained in independence and prestige, and questions were raised about the place in institutions that were increasingly understood to be devoted to independent reason of a discipline that seemed to involve commitment to the authority of particular religious traditions. See Thomas Albert Howards work already cited, and his discussion of, for instance, Immanuel Kants Conflict of the Faculties (1798), and J.G. Fichtes Deduzierter Plan einer zu Berlin errichtenden hheren Lehranstalt (1807).

Friedrich Schleiermacher, Brief Outline of Theology as a Field of Study , 2nd edition, tr. Terrence N. Tice (Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen, 1990); Thomas Albert Howard, Protestant Theology and the Making of the Modern German University (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006), ch.14.

Reinhard G. Kratz, 'Academic Theology in Germany', Religion 32.2 (2002): pp.113116.

Source: Wikipedia > Theology