This article will concentrate on mammalian testicles unless otherwise noted.
In mammals with external testes it is most common for one testicle to hang lower than the other. It is estimated that in about 65% of men the lower hanging testicle is the left one Scrotal Asymmetry: Right-Left and the scrotum in male sculpture" [1] " By I. C. Manus . This is due to differences in the vascular anatomical structure on the right and left sides.
When this muscle contracts, the cord is shortened and the testicle is moved closer up toward the body, which provides slightly more warmth to maintain optimal testicular temperature. When cooling is required, the cremasteric muscle relaxes and the testicle is lowered away from the warm body and is able to cool. This phenomenon is known as the cremasteric reflex. It also occurs in response to stress (the testicles rise up toward the body in an effort to protect them in a fight). There are persistent reports that relaxation indicates approach of orgasm. There is a noticeable tendency to also retract during orgasm.
This position is made less parsimonious by the fact that the kangaroo, a non-boreoeutherian mammal, has external testicles. The ancestors of kangaroos might, separately from boreotherian mammals, have also been subject to heavy sperm competition and thus developed external testes, however, kangaroo external testes are suggestive of a possible adaptive function for external testes in large animals.
The pain involved travels up from each testicle into the abdominal cavity, via the spermatic plexus, which is the primary nerve of each testicle.
Source: Wikipedia > Testicle
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