It was one of the earliest seaports to switch to containerization and to intermodal container transfer, Initial Study: Intermodal Interface Demonstration Project, Port of Oakland, Oakland, California , Earth Metrics and Korve Engineerning, December 20, 1989 thereby displacing San Francisco which never modernized its old waterfront. One of the earlier limitations to growth was the inability to transfer containers to rail lines, all crane historically operating between ocean vessel and trucks. In the 1980s the Port of Oakland began the evaluation of development of an intermodal container transfer capability, i.e. facilities that now allow trans-loading of containers from vessels to either trucks or rail modes.
Source: Wikipedia > Oakland, California
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