Myiasis Topics

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• medicinal maggots
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• bloated abdomen
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• ancient remedy
• human myiasis
• open wounds
• rare instances
• myia
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• henri iii
• charles ix
• defense strategies
• markell
• integument
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Myiasis, Myiasis

Colloquialisms for myiasis include flystrike and fly-blown . In Greek, "myia" means fly.

Otranto, Domenico. The immunology of myiasis: parasite survival and host defense strategies. Trends in Parasitology 17 (2001): 4.

Hope described several cases of myiasis from Jamaica caused by unknown larvae, one of which resulted in death. Introduction to Myiasis. The Natural History Museum of London.

In fact, the first account of human myiasis is in the Bible, where Job complains, My body is clothed with worms and scabs, my skin is broken and festering. Ambroise Par, the chief surgeon to Charles IX and Henri III, observed that maggots often infested open wounds. Sherman, RA, Hall, MJR, and Thomas, S. Medicinal Maggots: An ancient remedy for some contemporary afflictions. Annual Review of Entomology 45 (2000): 55-81.

Infestation of vulvar area with larvae and maggots is called vulvar myiasis.

Thus the myiasis is described as either specific, semispecific, or accidental. John, David and Petri, William. Markell and Voges Medical Parasitology: 9th Edition. Missouri: Saunders Elsevier, 2006. p. 328-334.

There have been rare instances of Myiasis linked to M. stabulans . A twenty year-old male from a rural part of India was reported with a rare case of intestinal myiasis. Symptoms included abdominal discomfort, bloated abdomen, and intestinal hurrying after meals.

The last segment on the maggot was transected, and by using a Zeiss binocular dissection microscope, the spiracular plate was removed and placed in Hoyers medium. By attaching a camera to a MOTIC BA 300 digital compound microscope, pictures were taken of the whole larva and the spiracular plate. The maggots were approximately 6–7 mm length-wise and 1–1.5 mm in width and appeared a dullish-white in color. Their carcasses were coated with a tough integument consisting of multiple bands of minute, grayish-brown spines. Closer examination with a microscope revealed a total of 11 separate segments. Each segment, except for the anal segment, had a belt of small, well-developed spines going towards the posterior margins. The anterior and posterior regions were similarly narrow while the middle appeared broad. Two hooks were found on the pseudo-cephalic segment of the maggot which enabled them to attach to the mucosal lining of the intestine. The appearance of spiracular slits on the solid plate on the peritreme of the posterior spiracle narrowed the results down to the genus Muscina . The curve in the spiracular slit at the middle verified that the species was M. stabulans . It is believed that the cause of intestinal myiasis may be due to ingestion of eggs or larvae in contaminated or raw food/water.

A vaseline bandage was applied after some blood was extracted and the lump was soaked in hot water several times. Twelve hours later, a worm was found in the cut after removing the bandage. Several other small lesions were noticeable around the proximity of the cut, but they receded at about this time. The girl recovered after applying a hot pack to the lesion. The larvae were confirmed by M. T. James of the College of the Washington and C. W. Sabrosky and W. W. Wirth of the United States National Museum to be a Muscina fly, most likely M. assimilis . Barr, A. Ralph, Thompson Jr., John T. A Case of Cutaneous Myiasis in a Child Caused by Muscina sp.

Larvae may infect necrotic (dead) or living tissue in various sites: the skin, eyes, ears, stomach and intestinal track, or in genitourinary sites. Ockenhouse, Christian, Samlaska, Curt, Benson, Paul, Roberts, Lyman, Eliasson, Arn, Malane, Susan, and Menich, Mark. Cutaneous myiasis caused by the African tumbu fly. Archives of Dermatology 126 (1990):199-202.

Some enter the body through the nose or ears. Larvae or eggs can get to the stomach or intestines if they are swallowed with food and cause gastric or intestinal myiasis. John, David and Petri, William. Markell and Voges Medical Parasitology: 9th Edition. Missouri: Saunders Elsevier, 2006. p. 328-334.

Unfortunately it is quite frequent, as patients with open wounds or sores can be infested if flies are present. To prevent nosocomial myiasis, hospital rooms must be kept free of flies.

Intestinal myiasis and urinary myiasis are especially difficult to diagnose. John, David and Petri, William. Markell and Voges Medical Parasitology: 9th Edition. Missouri: Saunders Elsevier, 2006. p. 328-334.

Clothes should be washed thoroughly, dried away from flies, and ironed. The heat of the iron kills the eggs of myiasis-causing flies. Adisa, Charles and Mbanaso, Augustus. Furuncular myiasis of the breast caused by the larvae of the Tumbu fly (Cordylobia anthropophaga). BMC Surgery 4 (2004): 5.

Source: Wikipedia > Myiasis