Moshav Topics

• british mandate of palestine
• elite status
• zionist state
• collectivity
• jewish settlement
• kibbutz
• foodstuffs
• ascent
• israelis
• immigrants
• middle class
• absorption
• crops
• 19th century
• households
• prestige
• 1980s
• contrary
• consumption

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Moshav, Moshav

They were designed as part of the Zionist state-building program following the Yishuv ("Jewish settlement") in the British Mandate of Palestine during the 19th century, but contrary to the collective kibbutzim, farms in a moshav tended to be individually owned but of fixed and equal size. Workers produced crops and goods on their properties through individual and/or pooled labour and resources and used profit and foodstuffs to provide for themselves. Support of the community was done through a special tax (, Mas Va'ad , lit.

In 1986 about 156,700 Israelis lived and worked on 448 moshavim, the great majority divided among eight federations. There are two types of moshavim, the more numerous (405) moshavei ovdim and the moshavei shitufiym . The former relies on cooperative purchasing of supplies and marketing of produce; the family or household is, however, the basic unit of production and consumption. The moshav shitufi form is closer to the collectivity of the kibbutz: although consumption is family-or household-based, production and marketing are collective. Unlike the moshavei ovdim, land is not allotted to households or individuals, but is collectively worked.

For this reason, the kibbutz has remained basically an Ashkenazi institution, whereas the moshav has not. On the contrary, the so-called immigrants' moshav (, Moshav Olim ) was one of the most-used and successful forms of absorption and integration of Oriental immigrants, and it allowed them a much steadier ascent into the middle class than did life in some development towns.

In general moshavim never enjoyed the elite status afforded to kibbutzim; correspondingly they have not suffered a decline in prestige in the 1970s and 1980s.

Source: Wikipedia > Moshav